Resumen
Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de una intervención multidisciplinar en línea (psicológica, médica y nutricional) en mujeres con trastornos por atracón (TpA). Método: participaron 5 mujeres diagnosticadas con TpA con una edad promedio de 43.2 años y un peso corporal inicial promedio de 90 kg. El tratamiento se realizó durante 24 sesiones, cada una de dos horas por semana; la primera hora era terapia grupal y la segunda individual. Se contó con cuatro momentos de evaluación: pre, post y dos seguimientos Resultados: Las comparaciones se realizaron a través de la prueba no paramétrica de Friedman, encontrando una disminución estadísticamente significativa de la sintomatología de atracón pre c1= 30.30 al segundo seguimiento c2=10.80 (x²=12.84; p=.005), sintomatología de ansiedad c1= 28.80 c2=12.40 (x²=10.83.96; p=.013) y depresión c1= 19.80, c2=4.0 (x²=10.18; p=.017). Se observó mejoría en la comprensión c1= 21.00, c2=30.20 (x²=9.63; p=.025) y regulación emocional c1= 28.40 c2=33.00, (x²=7.77; p=.050). Las pacientes redujeron su peso corporal, mejoraron hábitos alimentarios introduciendo fruta y verdura diariamente e incluyeron la actividad física en su rutina diaria, realizando de 20 a 30 minutos diarios. A partir del cambio clínico objetivo se observó un cambio positivo en las variables abordadas en tratamiento en todas las participantes. Conclusiones: Se puede observar que la intervención multidisciplinaria en línea fue efectiva en el tratamiento de TpA en mujeres.
Citas
Aardoom, J. J., Dingemans, A. E., Spinhoven, P., & Van Furth, E. F. (2013). Treating eating disorders over the internet: A systematic review and future research directions. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 46(6), 539-552. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22135
American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4a ed.). APA.
American Psychiatric Association Publishing. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5a ed.). APA.
Agüera, Z., Lozano-Madrid, M., Mallorquí-Bagué, N., Jiménez-Murcia, S., Menchón, J. M., & Fernández-Aranda, F. (2021). A review of binge eating disorder and obesity. Neuropsychiatrie, 35(2), 57-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-020-00346-w
Aloi, M., Rania, M., Carbone, E. A., Calabrò, G., Caroleo, M., Carcione, A., Nicolò, G., Semerari, A., & Segura-Garcia, C. (2020). The role of self-monitoring metacognition sub-function and negative urgency related to binge severity. European Eating Disorders Review, 28(5), 580-586. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.2742
Amianto, F., Ottone, L., Abbate Daga, G., & Fassino, S. (2015). Binge-eating disorder diagnosis and treatment: A recap in front of DSM-5. BMC Psychiatry, 15(1), 70. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-015-0445-6
Asociación Médica Mundial. (21 de marzo de 2017). Declaración de Helsinki. Principios éticos para las investigaciones médicas en seres humanos. https://tinyurl.com/enuu7ab3
Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56(6), 893-897. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.56.6.893
Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., Ball, R., & Ranieri, W. (1996). Comparison of Beck Depression Inventories -IA and -II in psychiatric outpatients. Journal of Personality Assessment, 67(3), 588-597. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa6703_13
Bento, S., Ferreira, C., Mendes, A. L., & Marta-Simões, J. (2017). Regulação emocional e comportamento alimentar perturbado: O impacto distinto da fusão cognitiva e de uma atitude de apreço em relação à imagem corporal. Psychologica, 60(2), 11-25. https://doi.org/h42f
Butler, R. M., & Heimberg, R. G. (2020). Exposure therapy for eating disorders: A systematic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 78, 101851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101851
Carrard, I., Crépin, C., Rouget, P., Lam, T., Golay, A., & Van der Linden, M. (2011). Randomised controlled trial of a guided self-help treatment on the Internet for binge eating disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49(8), 482-491. https://doi.org/dk4c7v
Castelnuovo, G., Pietrabissa, G., Manzoni, G. M., Cattivelli, R., Rossi, A., Novelli, M., Varallo, G., & Molinari, E. (2017). Cognitive behavioral therapy to aid weight loss in obese patients: Current perspectives. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 10, 165-173. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S113278
Citrome, L. (2019). Binge eating disorder revisited: What’s new, what’s different, what’s next. CNS Spectrums, 24(S1), 4-12. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852919001032
Costa, M. B., & Melnik, T. (2016). Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in eating disorders: An overview of Cochrane systematic reviews. Einstein (São Paulo), 14(2), 235-277. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-45082016RW3120
Craven, M. P., & Fekete, E. M. (2019). Weight-related shame and guilt, intuitive eating, and binge eating in female college students. Eating Behaviors, 33, 44-48. https://doi.org/gjw335
Da Luz, F., Hay, P., Wisniewski, L., Cordás, T., & Sainsbury, A. (2021). The treatment of binge eating disorder with cognitive behavior therapy and other therapies: An overview and clinical considerations. Obesity Reviews, 22(5). https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13180
Da Luz, F. Q., Swinbourne, J., Sainsbury, A., Touyz, S., Palavras, M., Claudino, A., & Hay, P. (2017). HAPIFED: A Healthy APproach to weIght management and Food in Eating Disorders: a case series and manual development. Journal of Eating Disorders, 5(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-017-0162-2
Dingemans, A., Danner, U., & Parks, M. (2017). Emotion Regulation in Binge Eating Disorder: A Review. Nutrients, 9(11), 1274. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9111274
Dölemeyer, R., Tietjen, A., Kersting, A., & Wagner, B. (2013). Internet-based interventions for eating disorders in adults: A systematic review. BMC Psychiatry, 13(1), 207. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-13-207
Fernandez-Berrocal, P., Extremera, N., & Ramos, N. (2004). Validity and Reliability of the Spanish Modified Version of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Psychological Reports, 94(3), 751-755. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.94.3.751-755
Frayn, M., Fojtu, C., & Juarascio, A. (2021). COVID-19 and binge eating: Patient perceptions of eating disorder symptoms, tele-therapy, and treatment implications. Current Psychology, 40(12), 6249-6258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01494-0
Ghaderi, A., Odeberg, J., Gustafsson, S., Råstam, M., Brolund, A., Pettersson, A., & Parling, T. (2018). Psychological, pharmacological, and combined treatments for binge eating disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PeerJ, 6, e5113. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5113
Gianini, L. M., White, M. A., & Masheb, R. M. (2013). Eating pathology, emotion regulation, and emotional overeating in obese adults with binge eating disorder. Eating Behaviors, 14(3), 309-313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.05.008
Glisenti, K., Strodl, E., King, R., & Greenberg, L. (2021). The feasibility of emotion-focused therapy for binge-eating disorder: A pilot randomised wait-list control trial. Journal of Eating Disorders, 9(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-020-00358-5
Gormally, J., Black, S., Daston, S., & Rardin, D. (1982). The assessment of binge eating severity among obese persons. Addictive Behaviors, 7(1), 47-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4603(82)90024-7
Guerdjikova, A. I., Mori, N., Casuto, L. S., & McElroy, S. L. (2019). Update on Binge Eating Disorder. The Medical Clinics of North America, 103(4), 669-680.https://doi.org/gntdb5
Hernández-Sampieri, R., Fernández-Collado, C., y Baptista-Lucio, M. (2014). Metodología de la investigación. McGraw-Hill.
Hilbert, A. (2019). Binge-Eating Disorder. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 42(1), 33-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2018.10.011
Hilbert, A., & Tuschen-Caffier, B. (2004). Body image interventions in cognitive-behavioural therapy of binge-eating disorder: A component analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 42(11), 1325-1339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2003.09.001
Jensen, E. S., Linnet, J., Holmberg, T. T., Tarp, K., Nielsen, J. H., & Lichtenstein, M. B. (2020). Effectiveness of internet‐based guided self‐help for binge‐eating disorder and characteristics of completers versus noncompleters. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 53(12), 2026-2031. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23384
Jurado, S., Villegas, M. E., Méndez, L., Rodríguez, F., Loperena, V., & Varela, R. (1998). La estandarización del Inventario de Depresión de Beck para los residentes de la ciudad de México. Salud Mental, 21(3), 26-31. https://tinyurl.com/u5jfmbec
Keski-Rahkonen, A. (2021). Epidemiology of binge eating disorder: Prevalence, course, comorbidity, and risk factors. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 34(6), 525-531. https://doi.org/h423
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P. A., Chiu, W. T., Deitz, A. C., Hudson, J. I., Shahly, V., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., Alonso, J., Angermeyer, M. C., Benjet, C., Bruffaerts, R., de Girolamo, G., de Graaf, R., Maria Haro, J., Kovess-Masfety, V., O’Neill, S., Posada-Villa, J., Sasu, C., Scott, K., … Xavier, M. (2013). The Prevalence and Correlates of Binge Eating Disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Biological Psychiatry, 73(9), 904-914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.11.020
Kober, H., & Boswell, R. G. (2018). Potential psychological & neural mechanisms in binge eating disorder: Implications for treatment. Clinical Psychology Review, 60, 32-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2017.12.004
Kukk, K., & Akkermann, K. (2020). Emotion regulation difficulties and dietary restraint independently predict binge eating among men. Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 25(6), 1553-1560. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-019-00791-9
Linardon, J., Messer, M., & Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, M. (2018). Meta-analysis of the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy for binge-eating–type disorders on abstinence rates in nonrandomized effectiveness studies: Comparable outcomes to randomized, controlled trials? International Journal of Eating Disorders, 51(12), 1303-1311. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22986
López-Aguilar, X., Mancilla, J. M., Vazquez-Arevalo, R., Ocampo, M. T., Franco, K., & Alvarez-Rayón, G. L. (2010). Factores predictores del atracón alimentario en una muestra comunitaria de mujeres mexicanas. Journal of Behavior, Health & Social Issues, 2(1), 25-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fesi.20070780.2010.2.1.20407
Manasse, S. M., Espel, H. M., Schumacher, L. M., Kerrigan, S. G., Zhang, F., Forman, E. M., & Juarascio, A. S. (2016). Does impulsivity predict outcome in treatment for binge eating disorder? A multimodal investigation. Appetite, 105, 172-179. https://doi.org/f826rc
Mesa, J. R., Fernández, M. Á. P., & Pacheco, N. E. (2022). Inteligencia emocional y síntomas de trastornos alimentarios en adultos españoles: Evidencias sobre el rol mediador de las estrategias de regulación cognitivo emocional. European journal of education and psychology, 15(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.32457/ejep.v15i1.1767
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. (2018). Supporting adult carers (Vol. 150, Guideline).NICE. https://tinyurl.com/4dv2d8eh
Robles, R., Varela, R., Jurado, S., & Páez, F. (2001). Versión mexicana del inventario de ansiedad de Beck: Propiedades psicométricas. Revista Mexicana de Psicología, 18(2), 211-218.
Schlegl, S., Bürger, C., Schmidt, L., Herbst, N., & Voderholzer, U. (2015). The Potential of Technology-Based Psychological Interventions for Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa: A Systematic Review and Recommendations for Future Research. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 17(3), e3554. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.3554
Smith, K. E., Mason, T. B., Anderson, L. M., Schaefer, L. M., Crosby, R. D., Engel, S. G., Crow, S. J., Wonderlich, S. A., & Peterson, C. B. (2022). Naturalistically assessed associations between physical activity, affective functioning, and binge eating among adults with binge-eating disorder. Eating Disorders, 30(2), 154-167. https://doi.org/h425
Spitzer, R. L., Williams, J. B., Gibbon, M., & First, M. B. (1992). The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID). I: History, rationale, and description. Archives of General Psychiatry, 49(8), 624-629. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1992.01820080032005
Stice, E., Gau, J. M., Rohde, P., & Shaw, H. (2017). Risk factors that predict future onset of each DSM–5 eating disorder: Predictive specificity in high-risk adolescent females. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 126(1), 38-51. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000219
Stunkard, A. J. (1959). Eating patterns and obesity. Psychiatric Quarterly, 33, 284-295. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01575455
Swencionis, C., & Rendell, S. L. (2012). The psychology of obesity. Abdominal Imaging, 37(5), 733-737. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-012-9863-9
Taylor, C. B., Graham, A. K., Flatt, R. E., Waldherr, K., & Fitzsimmons-Craft, E. E. (2021). Current state of scientific evidence on Internet-based interventions for the treatment of depression, anxiety, eating disorders and substance abuse: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. European Journal of Public Health, 31(Supp. 1), i3-i10. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckz208
Tetzlaff, A., Schmidt, R., Brauhardt, A., y Hilbert, A. (2016) Family Functioning in Adolescents with Binge-Eating Disorder. European Eating Disorders Review, 24(5), 430– 433. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.2462
Vázquez-Arévalo, R., López-Aguilar, X., Álvarez-Rayon, G.L, Ocampo, Tellez-Giron M.T., y Mancilla Diaz, J.M. (2000). Eating disorders and associated factors in dance students. Psicologia Contemporánea; 7, 56-65.
Vázquez-Arévalo, R., López-Aguilar, X., Ocampo Tellez-Girón, M. T., y Mancilla-Diaz, J. M. (2015). Eating disorders diagnostic: From the DSM-IV to DSM-5. Revista Mexicana de Trastornos Alimentarios, 6(2), 108-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmta.2015.10.003
Velázquez López, H. J., Vázquez Arévalo, R., Mancilla Díaz, J. M. (2018). Binge eating disorder in men. A review of the relevant variables in the literature. Salud Mental, 41(2), 91-100. https://doi.org/10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2018.014
Walenda, A., Kostecka, B., Santangelo, P. S., & Kucharska, K. (2021). Examining emotion regulation in binge-eating disorder. Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation, 8(1), 25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40479-021-00166-6
Wang, S. B., Jones, P. J., Dreier, M., Elliott, H., & Grilo, C. M. (2019). Core psychopathology of treatment-seeking patients with binge-eating disorder: A network analysis investigation. Psychological Medicine, 49(11), 1923-1928. https://doi.org/gd9scb
Williamson, D. A., Anderson, D. A., Jackman, L. P., & Jackson, S. R. (1995). Assessment of eating disordered thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. En D. B. Allison (Ed.), Handbook of assessment methods for eating behaviors and weight-related problems: Measures, theory, and research (pp. 347-386). Sage.
Wonderlich, J. A., Crosby, R. D., Engel, S. G., Crow, S. J., Peterson, C. B., Le Grange, D., Wonderlich, S. A., & Fischer, S. (2022). Negative affect and binge eating: Assessing the unique trajectories of negative affect before and after BINGE ‐ EATING episodes across eating disorder diagnostic classifications. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 55(2), 223-230. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23648
Wyssen, A., Meyer, A. H., Messerli‐Bürgy, N., Forrer, F., Vanhulst, P., Lalanne, D., & Munsch, S. (2021a). BED‐online: Acceptance and efficacy of an internet‐based treatment for binge‐eating disorder: A randomized clinical trial including waitlist conditions. European Eating Disorders Review, 29(6), 937-954. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.2856
Yim, S. H., Spencer, L., Gordon, G., Allen, K. L., Musiat, P., & Schmidt, U. (2021). Views on online self-help programmes from people with eating disorders and their carers in UK. European Journal of Public Health, 31(Supp. 1), i88-i93. https://doi.org/h427
Zhang, J., Wang, Y., Wu, C., & He, J. (2022). The relationship between emotional intelligence and eating disorders or disordered eating behaviors: A meta-analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 185, 111239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.111239
Zúñiga, O., y Robles, R.(2006). Validez de constructo y consistencia interna del Cuestionario de Trastorno por Atracón en población mexicana con obesidad. Psiquis, 15(5),126–134. https://tinyurl.com/2czcvwsk
