Resumen
Las experiencias adversas en la niñez (ACE) han mostrado una relación con la ocurrencia de depresión (DP) en la adultez y las experiencias benevolentes en la niñez (BCE) han mostrado una relación inversa con esta patología. Este estudio busca explorar la asociación de ACE con DP en una muestra de una cohorte rural-urbana de Chile, así como el efecto de las BCE sobre dicha asociación. Se utilizaron datos basales de la Cohorte del Maule (MAUCO, compuesta por 9000 participantes, muestra de población general de 38 a 74 años de edad) donde se midió la probabilidad de ocurrencia de DP mediante el instrumento de tamizaje PHQ-9, las ACE con el cuestionario ACE-IQ y las BCE con la Escala de Experiencias Benevolentes, en un total de 534 adultos. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística múltiple para explorar el efecto de las ACE, las BCE, y su interacción en la probabilidad de un tamizaje positivo de depresión. El análisis por separado indica que el haber experimentado un mayor número de ACE está asociado con un aumento en la probabilidad de presentar tamizaje positivo de DP y el haber experimentado un mayor número de BCE está asociado con una disminución de esta probabilidad. Analizadas en conjunto, se observó que las BCE son un factor protector del efecto de las ACE sobre la probabilidad de padecer depresión.
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